Modal and Modal Perfect

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MODAL AND MODAL PERFECT
Modal adalah bagian dari auxiliary verb (kata kerja bantu), sehingga dapat diperlukan seperti kata kerja bantu. adapun fungsinya untuk memberikan tambahan arti pada kata kerja yang disertai Modal selalu diikuti kata kerja dasar (infinitive without to).

A. Modal

1. Can

a. Menyatakan kemampuan (ability)
contoh : she can speak three languages.
b. Menyatakan ijin (permission)
contoh : Can I borrow your dictionary ?

2. Could
a. Menyatakan kemampuan pada waktu lampau.
contoh : She could swimm well when she was young

3. May
a. Menyatakan ijin (permission)
contoh : May I read this Book ?

b.  Menyatakan kemungkinan (possibility)
contoh : he  may come late this morning.

4. Might
a. Merupakan bentuk lampau dari may
contoh : He said that he might come late
b. Menyatakan kemungkinan besar (strong possibility)
contoh : She might be at home today.

5. Must
a. Menyatakan kewajiban (obligation)
contoh : The students must study regularly
b. Menyatakan kebutuhan (necessity)
contoh : We must eat nutrious food
c. Menyatakan kesimpulan (conclusion)
contoh : she has been in england for many years. she spek English fluently.

B. MODEL PERFECT

1. Must + have + Verb-3/been  (pasti telah)

untuk menyatakan kepastian atau kesimpulan tentang sesuatu yang terjadi pada waktu lampau (past conclusion)
contoh : The oil was  frozen. It must have been very cold last night.

2. Might + have + Verb-3/been (mungkin telah)

untuk menyatakan kemungkinan pada waktu lampau (past possibility)
contoh : Desty came late this morning; she might have missed the bus.

3. Should + have + Verb-3/been = ought to + have +Verb-3/been (seharusnya telah)

untuk menyatakan saran yang seharusnya dilakukan pada waktu lampau (past suggestion)

contoh : Lena has an examination today but she saw the film last night; she should have been studying for exam last night.

4. Could + have + Verb-3/been (sebenarnya bisa)

untuk menyatakan kemampuan pada waktu lampau tetapi tidak terlalu terlaksana atau tidak dilakukan.
contoh : we did not go last night. we could have gone to the cinema but we dicided to stay at home.



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